【特别关注】联合国秘书长热门候选人图尔克在第四届全球智库峰会上的演讲：大变革时代的全球治理（中英全文）

由中国国际经济交流中心主办的“第四届全球智库峰会”于6月26日在北京开幕，斯洛文尼亚前总统、中国人民大学重阳金融研究院外籍高级研究员达尼洛•图尔克在开幕式上发表演讲。

以下是图尔克的演讲全文

图尔克：变革时代的全球治理

第四届全球智库峰会，北京，2015年6月26日

尊敬的中国国际经济交流中心常务副理事长魏礼群先生，

尊敬的中华人民共和国国务院副总理刘延东女士，

尊敬的客人们和各位与会代表，

女士们，先生们：

能够在第四届全球智库峰会上发表演讲，我深感荣幸。

这是我本次造访中国的第十一天，除了要感谢中国人民外交学会的邀请，我还想要特别感谢中国人民大学重阳金融研究院聘请我担任高级研究员。

所以我今天不仅仅是以斯洛文尼亚前总统和联合国前助理秘书长的身份出席此次智库峰会，更是以中国人民大学重阳金融研究院，一所年轻并且前途无量的中国智库的访问学者身份出席此次峰会。

女士们先生们，

此次会议的时机和地点都具有象征意义。我们身处于全球巨大变革的时代，汇聚于北京，这里正激荡着全球性影响的思想。

我们相聚之时，正值亚洲以及新丝绸之路的发展受到瞩目，这也是一个充满机遇的时期。

但同时，全球和地区政治经济关系也变得日益复杂。我们需要有效并且公正的解决方案来应对这些挑战。我们也期待今天与会的智库代表在寻找解决方案中，能够提供不同凡响且符合实际的想法。

有些方案将会用来应对日益严重的全球变暖问题。我们应当坚持“共同但有区别的责任”原则。我来自欧洲，欧盟已承诺国内温室气体到2030年至少减排40%。

在欧洲，我们理解世界其他地区的伙伴正在根据他们的能力和需求确定减排目标。我们期待共同合作。短期内，我们的合作应致力于为未来政策制定和经济决策建立一个足够稳固的框架。从长期来说，需要建立新型经济发展模式，倡导低碳经济和无碳科技。

当前，可持续发展的概念需要包括但不应局限于环境问题。在联合国的框架内，可持续发展的目标越发清晰。预计今年年底之前该目标会将会出炉。主要聚焦于减贫、消除赤贫以及促进经济社会更加公平。每个国家都会就此完善其经济社会政策。

同时，我们也期待联合国加强自身能力建设，使得期政策建议更加有效。今天，众多智库汇聚于此，所提供富含分析的洞见和建议无疑会增强国际政策建言的有效性，这将对联合国有很大帮助。

在我们这个的变革年代，加强联合国的作用至关重要。和平和有序的变革需要可以被各方接受的规则和制度。联合国作为我们共有且涵盖一切的组织，具有唯一的合法性，而合法性是各方政策协作和以和平方式管控局势变化的重要前提。

这适用于各领域的国际合作，包括维持世界和平和安全的合作。联合国安理会，以其独一无二和强大的法律效力，处于世界安全体系的中心。联合国安理会成员特别是常任理事国急需建立一种全球安全观，即在“非正式安全协议”指导下寻找解决方案，应对各种世界和平与安全挑战。我再一次希望此次智库峰会能够为解决全球性问题提供建设性帮助。

女士们先生们，

智库是当今变革时代讨论全球政策的重要资产。在某些国家，特别是美国，有着利用智库做出决策的长期传统。他们调动国内知识并且吸引外籍人才。因此，智库在中国快速发展理所应当。毕竟，我听说，在中国唐朝，外国人参与国家政策制定就已经系统化了。与此同时，中国可以给世界提供诸多帮助，它既是一个文明古国，又是一个高度成功的现代国家。

智库必须向年轻人开放。这次，我在中国遇到了很多青年朋友，他们致力于创业和创新。今天下午，我见到了李克强总理，他曾提出“大众创业和万众创新”。我坚信当代年轻人的潜能和创造性。他们需要拥有充分的机会。中国智库数量增长也代表了一种独特的机会，给中外年轻朋友提供了在变革世界创新需求下参与的机会。

最后，我们也需要了解，对于世界大部分地区来说，中国依然很神秘。世界仍然在探索这个拥有13亿人口的大国是如何在短短30年内取得如此巨大的变革。我们需要努力了解中国，中国也需要帮助世界了解中国的发展。我们不能低估由于误解带来的危险。智库承担着巨大责任去建立成熟且有效的对话，摆脱偏见，帮助建立全球理解。

我想要再一次感谢中国国际经济交流中心的邀请，期待第四届国际智库取得圆满成功。

感谢各位的关注。

附英文全文：

GLOBAL GOVERNANCE IN AN ERA OF CHANGE

Keynote Speech by Dr. Danilo Turk, Former President of the Republic of Slovenia

The Fourth Global Think Tank Summit, Beijing, 26 June 2015

Mr. Moderator, Honorable Mr. Wei Liquin permanent Vice Chairman of China Center for International Economic Exchanges;

Honorable Mme LIU Yandong, Vice Premier of the State Council of the People’s Republic of China;

Honorable guests, Distinguished Participants,

Ladies and Gentlemen,

It is a distinct honor and privilege for me to address the Fourth Global Think Tank Summit in Beijing.

This is the 11th day of my current visit in China. In addition to thanking the Chinese People’s Institute of Foreign Affairs for the invitation I would like to express my special thanks to a rising think tank in China – the Chongyang institute for Financial Studies of the Renmin University of China which has invited me to join as the Institute’s senior, non-resident fellow.

So, today I am addressing this important gathering of think tanks not only as former President of Slovenia and former Assistant Secretary-General of the United Nations, but also as a visiting fellow of the Chongyang Institue, one of the young and very promising think tanks of China.

Ladies and Gentlemen,

The time and venue of our meeting are symbolic. We are meeting at a time of great global changes and in a place where many ideas of global importance are being generated.

We are meeting at the time, inspired by important visions of development in Asia and more widely, along the new silk road. This is the time of great opportunities.

But our era is also a time of growing complexity in the political and economic relations at the global and regional levels. The challenges of our time call for effective and fair solutions. And it is expected from the think tanks represented here to offer good and realistic ideas in the search for solutions.

Some among the needed solutions will have to address the dramatic and growing problem of global warming. The global responsibilities for solutions are our shared – but differentiated responsibilities. I am coming from Europe where the European Union has already pledged itself to a binding, economy – wide reduction of domestic green house gas emissions of at least 40 per cent by the year 2030.

In Europe, we understand that our partners in every part of the world are defining their own targets in light of their own capabilities and needs. And we look forward to cooperation. Our cooperation, in the short run, should produce a sufficiently solid framework for subsequent policy making and for business decisions. In the long run, this should enable an entirely new model of growth and development, based on low carbon and carbon-free technologies.

Today, the vision of sustainable development has to include, but must not be limited to the environmental concerns. The sustainable development goals that are being articulated in the framework of the United Nations and will be declared, expectedly before the end of this year, are focused on poverty alleviation and eradication of extreme poverty as well as on greater economic and social fairness. Each country is expected to develop its own economic and social policies.

In addition, the United Nations is expected to strengthen its ability for effective policy advice. And think tanks gathered today are able to provide the analytical insights and proposals that will increase the effectiveness of international policy advice and thus help the United Nations.

Strengthening of the United Nations is an important priority in our era of change. Peaceful and orderly change requires norms and institutions that are accepted by all. The United Nations, our common and all inclusive organization, has a unique legitimacy which is a vitally important prerequisite of coordination of policies and peaceful management of change.

This applies to all areas of international cooperation including the cooperation in the maintenance of international peace and security. The United Nations Security Council, with its unique and formidable legal powers , remains at the center of the global security architecture. There is an urgent need for the members of the UN Security Council, including in particular its permanent members, to develop a global security understanding, an “informal security compact” that will guide the search for solutions to the variety of challenges to international peace and security. And again, think tanks gathered here can help with good and realistic ideas.

Ladies and Gentlemen,

Think tanks are an essential asset in global policy discussion of our era of change. In some countries, in particular in the United States of America they have a long tradition. They mobilize domestic knowledge and attract foreign talent. There is no reason why such a model would not quickly develop in China as well. After all, as early as in the time of the Tang Dynasty, I am told, China has systematically engaged foreigners in its own policy making structures. At the same time, China has much to offer to the world - both as an old civilization as well as a highly successful modern country.

Think tanks must be particularly open in engaging young people. On my current trip in China I came across many young people devoted to entrepreneurship and innovation. This afternoon I was among the guests who met Premier Li Keqiang who had called for “public entrepreneurship and mass innovation”. It is my firm belief that the energy and creativity of young people must be given full opportunity. The rising number of think tanks in China therefore represents a unique opportunity – for engagement of young people from China and for foreign partners in the search for creativity needed in the changing world.

And finally, it is also necessary to understand that - to much of the world - China continues to be a mystery. The world is still trying to figure out how could a country of 1,3 billion people make such a dramatic transformation within the time of a single generation. We have to work hard to understand China and China has to hel other countries in the world to understand its development. Let us not underestimate the dangers of misunderstandings. Think tanks have an enormous responsibility to enable a mature and effective dialogue, to remove prejudices and help building the much needed global understanding.

I wish to thank, once again to the China Center for International Economic Exchanges for the invitation. I wish the Fourth Global Think Tank Summit all success.

And I thank you for your attention.

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中国人民大学重阳金融研究院

2013年1月19日，中国人民大学重阳金融研究院（以下简称“人大重阳”）成立。人大重阳是上海重阳投资管理股份有限公司董事长裘国根先生向母校捐款2亿元的主要资助项目。

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2014年人大重阳入围由美国宾州大学推出的、国际公认度最高的《全球智库报告2014》的“全球顶级智库150强”，列第106位，是与中国社会科学院、国务院发展研究中心等并行入围的七家中国智库之一。

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